The Importance Of Skin Care and Incontinence

Understanding The Impact Of Incontinence On Skin Health

Incontinence can have detrimental effects on the skin due to prolonged exposure to urine and faeces. Moisture-related skin damage, irritation, and inflammation are common issues associated with the condition. Here are some skin conditions that can be caused by irritated skin due to incontinence:

●        Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD)

●        Nappy rash

●        Urinary tract infections

●        Fungal infections

●        Pressure ulcers

●        Moisture lesions

Studies have found that around one-third of people with incontinence develop dermatitis[1], which can quickly progress to more serious conditions if not addressed. People who have incontinence problems will often struggle to control their urine or bowel flow, and this can lead to the common skin problems listed above. The areas of the body that are most likely to be affected include the areas surrounding the buttocks, hips, genitals, and the perineum (the area between the pelvis and rectum). Because of this, excess moisture within these areas can lead to skin problems such as irritation, peeling, redness, and yeast infections. Bedsores can also develop if you:

●        Have not eaten enough (malnourishment).

●        Have received radiation therapy within the area.

●        Spend most of the day in a wheelchair, normal chair, or confined to a bed without regularly changing position.

Daily Skin Care for Incontinence

Maintaining optimal skin care for those with incontinence involves a daily skincare routine consisting of three primary steps: cleansing, moisturising, and applying a barrier cream to provide additional protection against bladder and bowel leaks.

Cleansing: The first step in promoting skin care is to ensure cleanliness. Opt for cleansers that are free of soap and alcohol, as they won't dry out your skin. We advise cleaning your skin promptly after a bowel movement. No-rinse cleansing foams and wipes are excellent choices for effectively removing waste without excessively drying or irritating your skin.

Care: Using a barrier cream in your skincare routine is essential. Barrier creams are specifically designed to create a protective layer on the skin, acting as an additional moisture barrier, they will seal out moisture and safeguard the skin against wetness.  Try a barrier cream specifically designed for intimate skin to enhance the skin’s own barrier function such as MoliCare Skin Barrier Cream which is the ideal companion for absorbent pads, pants and adult nappies and will not affect the absorbency of the pad.

Protect: If you experience any skin irritation, try a barrier cream which incorporates zinc oxide, an anti-inflammatory, that manages any rashes and sores. A reliable barrier cream should not easily rub off and can provide protection against chafing when wearing incontinence products.

In addition to your daily skincare routine, it is important to keep your skin dry by using incontinence underwear that effectively pulls moisture away from your body and locks it inside the pad. This way, you can avoid the discomfort of feeling wet even after experiencing a bladder leak.

Learn more about how to protect your skin if you have incontinence.

Practical Tips For Incontinence Related Skin Care

To ensure that you know how to appropriately apply the right skin care for those with incontinence, follow these tips:

1. Choose gentle cleansers: Opt for mild, pH-balanced cleansers specifically formulated for sensitive skin. These cleansers will effectively cleanse the skin without causing dryness or irritation.
   
   
2. Cleanse the skin gently: When cleaning the skin, use lukewarm water and apply a small amount of the chosen cleanser to your hands. Gently massage the cleanser onto the skin in circular motions, paying close attention to areas affected by urine or stool. Avoid using rough or abrasive materials that could further irritate the skin.
   
   
3. Rinse thoroughly and pat dry: After cleansing, rinse the skin thoroughly with lukewarm water to remove any residue from the cleanser. Avoid using hot water, as it can strip the skin of its natural oils. After rinsing, gently pat the skin dry with a soft towel or cloth. It is important to avoid rubbing the skin, as this can cause friction and irritation.
   
   
4. Apply a barrier cream: Once the skin is clean and dry, apply a suitable barrier cream or ointment to protect the skin from moisture and irritation. Look for products that contain ingredients like zinc oxide to manage any skin irritation or incontinence-associated dermatitis. Apply the barrier cream evenly to areas prone to moisture, such as the buttocks and genital area.
   
   
5. Choose products with a 3-layer absorbent core: Choose purpose-designed incontinence underwear or absorbent pads that are specifically designed to pull moisture away from the skin and lock it inside. These products help to keep the skin dry and reduce the risk of prolonged exposure to moisture, which can lead to skin damage and irritation.
   
   
6. Regularly change incontinence products: It is important to change incontinence products regularly and as soon as possible after a bowel movement. Prolonged exposure to urine or stool can increase the risk of skin irritation and infection.
   
   
7. Consider using moisturisers: In addition to barrier creams, using a moisturiser can help keep the skin hydrated and supple. Choose products that are specifically designed for intimate skin.
   
   
8. Monitor and address any skin changes: Regularly inspect your skin for any signs of redness, irritation, or skin breakdown.

How To Treat Incontinence Skin Breakdown

Even with a good skincare routine, occasional rashes and skin breakdowns may still happen. When faced with incontinence-associated dermatitis, the first priority is to prevent making it worse. This entails checking the absorbency of the product, correct sizing, and fitting, using barrier creams, and keeping skin dry and clean. Here are some suggestions for treating dermatitis or skin sores:

Choosing well-fitting underwear: Dermatitis and sores frequently emerge due to friction and chafing caused by ill-fitting underwear around the leg openings or in between the legs. If you notice bunching or chafing, this indicates that your current underwear is not suitable. Experiment with different sizes until you find one that doesn't rub against your skin.

Promptly change underwear after a bowel movement: Prolonged skin exposure to faecal matter intensifies the breakdown process as acidic substances and enzymes continue to erode the skin.

Apply healing salves: Once you have thoroughly cleansed and dried the affected area, administer a medicated salve (skin cleanse tissues) to alleviate discomfort and shield the damaged skin during the healing process.

Use a barrier cream: Once you have thoroughly cleaned and dried the affected area, use a barrier cream to alleviate discomfort and shield the damaged skin during the healing process.

While these measures can effectively reduce or reverse the early stages of IAD, it is vital to consult your GP if persistent skin irritation persists or if the development of sores occurs. Early medical attention is necessary, as the condition can easily progress to a more severe and challenging-to-treat state.

Skin Care Advice for Caregivers Assisting Individuals with Incontinence

As a caregiver for someone experiencing incontinence, you can play a crucial role in supporting their skin care. Ensure that they have the necessary products and regularly check on their skin condition. In cases where the individual has limited mobility or cognitive disorders, you may also need to assist with cleaning and changing their underwear. Remember to prioritise the use of mild, soap-free cleansers when tending to them between accidents.

When venturing outside, be prepared for potential accidents by carrying cleansing supplies and extra incontinence underwear. It can also be helpful to have disposal bags on hand, allowing for discreet disposal of used products.

Keep in mind that individuals may feel embarrassed or ashamed about their incontinence, leading them to not mention accidents or be hesitant to ask for assistance. Incontinence is a common medical condition and, therefore, you should approach the matter with sensitivity, by making the interaction less embarrassing for the person you are caring for. For further advice, we have a great guide on top tips for managing incontinence.

Prioritise Skin Care When Managing Incontinence

Appropriate skin care is of utmost importance for those with incontinence to prevent potential complications and maintain comfort and well-being. By prioritising good skin hygiene and adopting the recommended practices, individuals with incontinence can enhance their quality of life and minimise the risks associated with skin breakdown.

FAQs

Why is appropriate skin care important for individuals with incontinence?

Appropriate skin care is essential for individuals with incontinence because prolonged exposure to urine and faeces can lead to skin damage, irritation, and infection. Maintaining good skin hygiene helps prevent skin issues such as incontinence associated infections, diaper rash, urinary tract infections, fungal infections, and pressure ulcers.

What are the key factors of a skin care routine for incontinence?

A skin care routine for incontinence typically involves gentle cleansing with mild, pH-balanced cleansers, thorough drying (avoid rubbing), and the application of a barrier cream to protect the skin. These steps help maintain skin cleanliness, pH balance, and dryness, reducing the risk of irritation and infection.

What types of products should I use for skin care when I have incontinence?

Use fragrance-free, hypoallergenic cleansers, moisturisers, and barrier creams or ointments specifically designed for intimate skin. These products are less likely to cause irritation and are more suitable for individuals with incontinence.

How often should I cleanse my skin when I have incontinence?

It is important to cleanse the skin regularly and after each bowel movement or as soon as possible to minimise the exposure of the skin to faeces. Regular cleansing helps remove potential irritants and maintain skin hygiene.

Are there any additional measures I can take to protect my skin?

Yes, in addition to cleansing, it is recommended to keep the skin dry and minimise prolonged exposure to moisture. Using 3-layer absorbent core absorbent pads can help keep the skin dry.

What should I do if I notice skin irritation or breakdown?

If you notice any signs of skin irritation or breakdown, it is important to seek medical advice. Contact a healthcare professional, or your GP, who can assess the condition and provide appropriate treatment recommendations.

Can a healthy diet and lifestyle help maintain good skin health when dealing with incontinence?

A balanced diet, proper hydration, and a healthy lifestyle can contribute to overall skin health. Drinking enough water helps maintain skin hydration, while a nutrient-rich diet supports skin resilience. Additionally, avoiding excessive caffeine and alcohol intake can help minimise potential irritants to the skin.